All Events

The Parthians develop the site of Ctesiphon, on the east bank of the Tigris opposite Seleucia

The practice of acupuncture is described in Nei Qing, a Chinese medical text

A three-year war, known as the Social War, breaks out between Rome and her Italian allies

The Roman general Sulla takes the unprecedented step of marching upon Rome with a Roman army, to restore his own faction to power

Sulla, campaigning to the east, besieges Athens and then allows his army to loot the city

Gaius Marius, uncle of Julius Caesar, marches on Rome and massacres many of the supporters of Sulla

Julius Caesar's father dies, and in his teens he becomes head of the family

Julius Caesar marries Cornelia Cinna, whose family, like Caesar's own, are in the faction opposed to Sulla

Sulla takes Rome for the second time, after a battle at the Colline Gate, and then publishes his lethal 'proscriptions'

Sulla launches a massacre of his opponents and Julius Caesar is lucky to escape with his life, but his inheritance is confiscated

To escape from Italy Caesar joins the army, and serves in Asia with distinction (winning the Civic Crown for courage in action)

Cicero, whose speeches become models of oratory, makes his first appearance in a Roman court

The 26-year-old Pompey conducts such a successful campaign in Africa that his soldiers hail him as Pompey the Great

Sulla dies and Caesar returns to Rome, taking up a legal career as an advocate

To improve his skills as an orator, Julius Caesar travels to Rhodes to study with Cicero's teacher, Apollonius Molon

Julius Caesar, captured by pirates on his way to Rhodes, warns them that he will crucify them - and later keeps his word

A rebellion by Spartacus and other slaves from a gladiators' training camp at Capua lasts for two years before it is suppressed

Cleopatra, destined to become the last ruling pharaoh as Cleopatra VII, is born in Egypt – the daughter of Ptolemy XII

Julius Caesar marries Pompeia, a granddaughter of Sulla and a distant relative of Pompey

Pompey takes Antioch and brings Syria under control as a Roman province

The Roman annexation of Syria brings the Silk Road all the way to the Mediterranean

The Seleucid dynasty ends when Syria, the last remnant ruled by his family, falls to the Romans

Phoenicia is incorporated into the Roman province of Syria, with Tyre and Sidon retaining a measure of self-government

Pompey captures Jerusalem, bringing Judaea under Roman control

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